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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Arctic Intermediate Water ： ウィキペディア英語版 Arctic Intermediate Water The Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW) is a water mass found between the top cold, relatively fresh polar water and the bottom deep water in the Arctic domain (bounded by the polar and arctic fronts).〔Swift, J. H . and Aagaard, K. (1981) Seasonal transitions and water mass formation in the Iceland and Greenland seas, ''Deep Sea Research'', 28, 1107-1129〕 AIW is formed in small quantities compared to other water masses, and has limited influence outside of the Arctic domain. ==Characteristics== Two types of AIW are found, which are lower AIW and upper AIW separately. Lower AIW is the water mass with temperature and salinity maximum found at 250~400m deep, right above the deep water, with temperature for lower AIW ranges from 0 to 3 °C and salinity greater than 34.9.〔Helland-Hansen B. and Nansen F. (1909) The Norwegian Sea. Its physical oceanography based upon the Norwegian researches 1900-1904, ''Report on Norwegian Fishery and Marine Investigations'', 2, 390 pp〕 Upper AIW is defined to be a denser layer on top of the lower AIW, between surface cold water and the lower AIW, including water masses with temperature maximum to minimum. It is characterized by temperatures less than 2 °C in the salinity ranges from 34.7 to 34.9.〔Blindheim, J. (1990) Arctic Intermediate Water in the Norwegian Sea, ''Deep-Sea Research'', 37, 1475-1489〕 The upper AIW is usually found at 75~150m, overlain by Arctic Surface Water (ASW). However, it could be found at the sea surface in winter.〔 There are overlaps in density for upper and lower AIW according to their definitions. It is possible that water mass falling within the definition of upper AIW is below the defined lower AIW. For example, in Norwegian sea, one intermediate layer of salinity slightly less than 34.9 was found below the water mass with temperature and salinity maximum.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Arctic Intermediate Water」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.